Übersetzung (Buch 1) durch den Sprachendienst des Bundesministeriums der Justiz.
Übersetzung (Buch 2) durch den Sprachendienst des Bundesministeriums der Justiz. Laufende Aktualisierung durch Samson-Übersetzungen GmbH, Dr. Carmen v. Schöning.
Übersetzung (Buch 3, 4 und 5) durch Samson-Übersetzungen GmbH, Dr. Carmen v. Schöning.
Translation (Book 1) provided by the Language Service of the Federal Ministry of Justice.
Translation (Book 2) provided by the Language Service of the Federal Ministry of Justice. Translation regularly updated by Samson-Übersetzungen GmbH, Dr. Carmen v. Schöning.
Translation (Book 3, 4 und 5) provided by Samson-Übersetzungen GmbH, Dr. Carmen v. Schöning.
Stand: Die Übersetzung (Buch 1) berücksichtigt die Änderung(en) des Gesetzes durch Artikel 11 des Gesetzes vom 18. Juli 2017 (BGBl. I S. 2745)
Der Stand der deutschsprachigen Dokumentation kann aktueller sein. Vergleichen Sie dazu bitte http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Stand: Die Übersetzung (Buch 2) berücksichtigt die Änderung(en) des Gesetzes durch Artikel 14 des Gesetzes vom 22. Dezember 2020 (BGBl. I S. 3256)
Der Stand der deutschsprachigen Dokumentation kann aktueller sein. Vergleichen Sie dazu bitte http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Stand: Die Übersetzung (Buch 3) berücksichtigt die Änderung(en) des Gesetzes durch Artikel 5 des Gesetzes vom 7. August 2021 (BGBl. I S. 3311)
Der Stand der deutschsprachigen Dokumentation kann aktueller sein. Vergleichen Sie dazu bitte http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Stand: Die Übersetzung (Buch 4) berücksichtigt die Änderung(en) des Gesetzes durch Artikel 184 des Gesetzes vom 19. Juni 2020 (BGBl. I S. 1328)
Der Stand der deutschsprachigen Dokumentation kann aktueller sein. Vergleichen Sie dazu bitte http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Stand: Die Übersetzung (Buch 5) berücksichtigt die Änderung(en) des Gesetzes durch Artikel 184 des Gesetzes vom 19. Juni 2020 (BGBl. I S. 1328)
Der Stand der deutschsprachigen Dokumentation kann aktueller sein. Vergleichen Sie dazu bitte http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Version information: The translation (Book 1) includes the amendment(s) to the Act by Article 11 of the Act of 18 July 2017 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 2745).
Translations may not be updated at the same time as the German legal provisions displayed on this website. To compare with the current status of the German version, see http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Version information: The translation (Book 2) includes the amendment(s) to the Act by Article 14 of the Act of 22 December 2020 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 3256)
Translations may not be updated at the same time as the German legal provisions displayed on this website. To compare with the current status of the German version, see http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Version information: The translation (Book 3) includes the amendment(s) to the Act by Article 5 of the Act of 7 August 2021 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 3311)
Translations may not be updated at the same time as the German legal provisions displayed on this website. To compare with the current status of the German version, see http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Version information: The translation (Book 4) includes the amendment(s) to the Act by Article 184 of the Act of 19 June 2020 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 1328)
Translations may not be updated at the same time as the German legal provisions displayed on this website. To compare with the current status of the German version, see http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
Version information: The translation (Book 5) includes the amendment(s) to the Act by Article 184 of the Act of 19 June 2020 (Federal Law Gazette Part I p. 1328)
Translations may not be updated at the same time as the German legal provisions displayed on this website. To compare with the current status of the German version, see http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/hgb/BJNR002190897.html.
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Book One
Commercial Entities |
Part One
Merchants |
| Section 1 |
| Section 2 |
| Section 3 |
| Section 4(deleted) |
| Section 5 |
| Section 6 |
| Section 7 |
Part Two
Commercial Register; Business Register |
| Section 8Commercial Register |
| Section 8aEntries in the Commercial Register; Authorisation to Issue Ordinances |
| Section 8bBusiness Register |
| Section 9Access to the Commercial Register and the Business Register |
| Section 9aTransfer of Operation of the Business Register; Authorisation to Issue Ordinances |
| Section 9bEuropean System of Interconnection of Registers; Authorisation to Issue Ordinances |
| Section 10Publication of the Entries |
| Section 10aApplication of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 |
| Section 11Disclosure in an Official Language of a Member State of the European Union |
| Section 12Applications for Registration, and Submissions |
| Section 13Branch Offices of Enterprises with a Seat in Germany |
| Sections 13a to 13c(deleted) |
| Section 13dSeat or Main Office Abroad |
| Section 13eBranch Offices of Share Capital Companies with a Seat Abroad |
| Section 13fBranch Offices of Stock Corporations with a Seat Abroad |
| Section 13gBranch Offices of Limited Liability Companies with a Seat Abroad |
| Section 13hTransfer of Seat of a Domestic Main Office |
| Section 14 |
| Section 15 |
| Section 15aService by Publication |
| Section 16 |
Part Three
Commercial Business Name |
| Section 17 |
| Section 18 |
| Section 19 |
| Section 20(deleted) |
| Section 21 |
| Section 22 |
| Section 23 |
| Section 24 |
| Section 25 |
| Section 26 |
| Section 27 |
| Section 28 |
| Section 29 |
| Section 30 |
| Section 31 |
| Section 32 |
| Section 33 |
| Section 34 |
| Section 35(deleted) |
| Section 36(deleted) |
| Section 37 |
| Section 37a |
Part Four
Books of Account |
| Sections 38 to 47b(deleted) |
Part Five
General Commercial Power of Representation and Commercial Authority to Act |
| Section 48 |
| Section 49 |
| Section 50 |
| Section 51 |
| Section 52 |
| Section 53 |
| Section 54 |
| Section 55 |
| Section 56 |
| Section 57 |
| Section 58 |
Part Six
Commercial Employees and Commercial Apprentices |
| Section 59 |
| Section 60 |
| Section 61 |
| Section 62 |
| Section 63(deleted) |
| Section 64 |
| Section 65 |
| Sections 66 to 72(deleted) |
| Section 73(deleted) |
| Section 74 |
| Section 74a |
| Section 74b |
| Section 74c |
| Section 75 |
| Section 75a |
| Section 75b(deleted) |
| Section 75c |
| Section 75d |
| Section 75e(deleted) |
| Section 75f |
| Section 75g |
| Section 75h |
| Sections 76 to 82(deleted) |
| Section 82a |
| Section 83 |
Part Seven
Commercial Agents |
| Section 84 |
| Section 85 |
| Section 86 |
| Section 86a |
| Section 86b |
| Section 87 |
| Section 87a |
| Section 87b |
| Section 87c |
| Section 87d |
| Section 88(deleted) |
| Section 88a |
| Section 89 |
| Section 89a |
| Section 89b |
| Section 90 |
| Section 90a |
| Section 91 |
| Section 91a |
| Section 92 |
| Section 92a |
| Section 92b |
| Section 92c |
Part Eight
Commercial Brokers |
| Section 93 |
| Section 94 |
| Section 95 |
| Section 96 |
| Section 97 |
| Section 98 |
| Section 99 |
| Section 100 |
| Section 101 |
| Section 102 |
| Section 103 |
| Section 104 |
Part Nine
Provisions on Regulatory Offences |
| Section 104aProvision on Regulatory Offences |
Book 2
Commercial partnerships and silent partnership |
Part 1
General partnership |
Title 1
Formation of a partnership |
| Section 105 |
| Section 106 |
| Section 107 |
| Section 108 |
Title 2
Legal relations of partners to one another |
| Section 109 |
| Section 110 |
| Section 111 |
| Section 112 |
| Section 113 |
| Section 114 |
| Section 115 |
| Section 116 |
| Section 117 |
| Section 118 |
| Section 119 |
| Section 120 |
| Section 121 |
| Section 122 |
Title 3
Legal relations of partners to third parties |
| Section 123 |
| Section 124 |
| Section 125 |
| Section 125a |
| Section 126 |
| Section 127 |
| Section 128 |
| Section 129 |
| Section 129a(repealed) |
| Section 130 |
Title 4
Dissolution of the partnership and withdrawal of partners |
| Section 131 |
| Section 132 |
| Section 133 |
| Section 134 |
| Section 135 |
| Sections 136 to 138(repealed) |
| Section 139 |
| Section 140 |
| Sections 141 and 142(repealed) |
| Section 143 |
| Section 144 |
Title 5
Liquidation of the partnership |
| Section 145 |
| Section 146 |
| Section 147 |
| Section 148 |
| Section 149 |
| Section 150 |
| Section 151 |
| Section 152 |
| Section 153 |
| Section 154 |
| Section 155 |
| Section 156 |
| Section 157 |
| Section 158 |
Title 6
Statute of limitations. Time limit on liability. |
| Section 159 |
| Section 160 |
Part 2
Partly limited partnership |
| Section 161 |
| Section 162 |
| Section 163 |
| Section 164 |
| Section 165 |
| Section 166 |
| Section 167 |
| Section 168 |
| Section 169 |
| Section 170 |
| Section 171 |
| Section 172 |
| Section 172a(repealed) |
| Section 173 |
| Section 174 |
| Section 175 |
| Section 176 |
| Section 177 |
| Section 177a |
| Sections 178 to 229(repealed) |
Part 3
Silent partnership |
| Section 230 |
| Section 231 |
| Section 232 |
| Section 233 |
| Section 234 |
| Section 235 |
| Section 236 |
| Section 237(repealed) |
Book 3
Commercial records |
Division 1
Regulations applicable to all merchants |
Subdivision 1
Bookkeeping, inventory |
| Section 238Duty to keep books |
| Section 239Maintenance of commercial records |
| Section 240Inventory |
| Section 241Procedures for simplified inventory-taking |
| Section 241aRelease from the obligation to keep books and to prepare an inventory |
Subdivision 2
Opening balance sheet. Annual financial statements |
Title 1
General provisions |
| Section 242Reporting requirement |
| Section 243Principles governing the process of drawing up reports |
| Section 244Language. Currency |
| Section 245Signature |
Title 2
Provisions on recognition |
| Section 246Completeness. Prohibition of set-off |
| Section 247Content of the balance sheet |
| Section 248Items prohibited from inclusion on the balance sheet and options for including items on the balance sheet |
| Section 249Provisions |
| Section 250Accrued and deferred items |
| Section 251Contingent liabilities and commitments |
Title 3
Valuation rules |
| Section 252General principles of valuation |
| Section 253Initial recognition and subsequent valuation |
| Section 254Creation of combined items for valuation purposes |
| Section 255Standards of valuation |
| Section 256Procedures for simplified valuation |
| Section 256aCurrency translation |
Subdivision 3
Retention and production of documents |
| Section 257Retention of documents Periods of retention |
| Section 258Production of records in a legal dispute |
| Section 259Excerpt of records produced in a legal dispute |
| Section 260Production of records in the case of distributions of assets |
| Section 261Production of documents on image carriers or data carriers |
Subdivision 4
Laws applicable at the Land level |
| Section 262(repealed) |
| Section 263Reservation of the provisions of the laws applicable at the Land level |
Division 2
Supplementary provisions for share capital companies (stock corporations, public partly limited partnerships and limited liability companies) as well as for certain commercial partnerships |
Subdivision 1
Annual financial statements of the share capital company and management report |
Title 1
General provisions |
| Section 264Reporting requirement; exemption |
| Section 264aApplication to certain general partnerships and partly limited partnerships |
| Section 264bExemption of the general partnerships and partly limited partnerships within the meaning of section 264a from application of the provisions of this Division |
| Section 264cSpecial provisions for general partnerships and partly limited partnerships within the meaning of section 264a |
| Section 264dPublicly traded share capital company |
| Section 265General principles governing classifications |
Title 2
Balance sheet |
| Section 266Layout of the balance sheet |
| Section 267Allocation to size categories |
| Section 267aMicro share capital companies |
| Section 268Provisions regarding individual items of the balance sheet Information provided at the foot of the balance sheet |
| Section 269(repealed) |
| Section 270Creation of certain items |
| Section 271Participating interests. Affiliated undertakings |
| Section 272Equity capital |
| Section 273(repealed) |
| Section 274Deferred taxes |
| Section 274aEased requirements based on the size of the undertaking |
Title 3
Profit and loss account |
| Section 275Layout |
| Section 276Eased requirements based on the size of the undertaking |
| Section 277Regulations on individual items of the profit and loss account |
| Section 278(repealed) |
Title 4
(repealed) |
| Sections 279 to 283(repealed) |
Title 5
Notes |
| Section 284Explanation of the balance sheet and of the profit and loss account |
| Section 285Other mandatory disclosures |
| Section 286Non-disclosure of information |
| Section 287(repealed) |
| Section 288Eased requirements based on the size of the undertaking |
Title 6
Management report |
| Section 289Content of the management report |
| Section 289aSupplementary requirements for certain stock corporations and public partly limited partnerships |
| Section 289bObligation to draw up a non-financial statement; exemptions |
| Section 289cContent of the non-financial statement |
| Section 289dUse of frameworks |
| Section 289eOmission of detrimental information |
| Section 289fCorporate governance statement |
Subdivision 2
Consolidated financial statements and consolidated management report |
Title 1
Scope of application |
| Section 290Reporting requirement |
| Section 291Exemptive effect of consolidated financial statements drawn up in accordance with EU/EEA accounting standards |
| Section 292Exemptive effect of consolidated financial statements drawn up in accordance with the accounting standards of a third state |
| Section 292a(repealed) |
| Section 293Exemptions granted based on the size of the undertaking |
Title 2
Scope of consolidation |
| Section 294Undertakings to be included, duties to make submissions and provide information |
| Section 295(repealed) |
| Section 296Waiver of inclusion |
Title 3
Content and form of the consolidated financial statements |
| Section 297Content |
| Section 298Applicable regulations; Eased requirements |
| Section 299Cut-off date for drawing up the consolidated financial statements |
Title 4
Full consolidation |
| Section 300Consolidation principles; Requirement to provide full and complete information |
| Section 301Consolidation of capital |
| Section 302(repealed) |
| Section 303Consolidation of debt obligations |
| Section 304Treatment of interim profits or losses |
| Section 305Consolidation of expenditures and earnings |
| Section 306Deferred taxes |
| Section 307Shares of other shareholders |
Title 5
Valuation rules |
| Section 308Uniform valuation |
| Section 308aConversion of financial statements presented in a foreign currency |
| Section 309Treatment of the difference |
Title 6
Proportional consolidation |
| Section 310Proportional consolidation |
Title 7
Associated undertakings |
| Section 311Definition; exemption |
| Section 312Values recognised for participating interests and treatment of the difference |
Title 8
Notes to the consolidated financial statements |
| Section 313Explanation of the consolidated balance sheet and of the consolidated profit and loss account. Information on possession of participating interests |
| Section 314Other mandatory disclosures |
Title 9
Consolidated management report |
| Section 315Content of the consolidated management report |
| Section 315aSupplementary provisions for certain stock corporations and public partly limited partnerships |
| Section 315bObligation to draw up a consolidated non-financial statement; exemption |
| Section 315cContent of the consolidated non-financial statement |
| Section 315dConsolidated corporate governance statement |
Title 10
Consolidated financial statements in accordance with international accounting standards |
| Section 315e |
Subdivision 3
Audit |
| Section 316Duty to audit |
| Section 316aAudit of public-interest entities |
| Section 317Subject matter and scope of the audit |
| Section 318Appointment of the statutory auditor; removal from office |
| Section 319Selection of the auditors and preclusion criteria |
| Section 319a(repealed) |
| Section 319bNetwork |
| Section 320Duty to submit documents; right to obtain information |
| Section 321Auditor’s additional report |
| Section 321aDisclosure of the auditor’s additional report in special cases |
| Section 322Audit report |
| Section 323Responsibilities of the statutory auditor |
| Section 324Audit committee |
| Section 324aApplication to the standalone financial statements pursuant to section 325 (2a) |
Subdivision 4
Disclosure. Verification by the operator of the Federal Gazette |
| Section 325Disclosure |
| Section 325aBranch offices of share capital companies having their seat abroad |
| Section 326Eased disclosure requirements, based on the size of the undertaking, for small share capital companies and micro share capital companies |
| Section 327Eased disclosure requirements, based on the size of the undertaking, for medium-sized share capital companies |
| Section 327aEased requirement for certain publicly traded share capital companies |
| Section 328Form, format and content of the documents at disclosure, publication and reproduction |
| Section 329Verification and notification duties of the operator of the Federal Gazette |
Subdivision 5
Power to make statutory instruments for form sheets and other regulations |
| Section 330 |
Subdivision 6
Penal provisions and regulations as to administrative fines; Coercive fines |
Title 1
Penal provisions and regulations as to administrative fines |
| Section 331Incorrect presentation |
| Section 331aIncorrect assurance |
| Section 332Breach of reporting obligations |
| Section 333Breach of confidentiality obligations |
| Section 333aBreach of duties entailed by statutory audits |
| Section 334Regulations concerning administrative fines |
Title 2
Coercive fines |
| Section 335Imposition of coercive fines; powers to make statutory instruments |
| Section 335aComplaint against the imposition of a coercive fine; complaint on points of law; power to issue statutory instruments |
Title 3
Common provisions for criminal proceedings, proceedings for the imposition of administrative fines and proceedings for the imposition of coercive fines |
| Section 335bApplication of the penal provisions and of the regulations as to administrative fines as well as the regulations concerning coercive fines to certain general partnerships and partly limited partnerships |
| Section 335cNotifications made to the Auditor Oversight Body |
Division 3
Supplementary provisions for registered cooperative societies |
| Section 336 |
| Section 337Regulations concerning the balance sheet |
| Section 338Regulations concerning the notes |
| Section 339Disclosure |
Division 4
Supplementary provisions for undertakings in certain lines of business |
Subdivision 1
Supplementary provisions for credit institutions, financial services institutions, securities institutions, payment institutions and e-money institutions |
Title 1
Scope of application |
| Section 340 |
Title 2
Annual financial statements, management report, interim financial statements |
| Section 340aApplicable regulations |
| Section 340bRepurchase agreements |
| Section 340cRegulations concerning the profit and loss account and the notes |
| Section 340dMaturity breakdown |
Title 3
Valuation rules |
| Section 340eValuation of assets |
| Section 340fProvisions for general banking risks |
| Section 340gSpecial item for general banking risks |
Title 4
Currency translation |
| Section 340hCurrency translation |
Title 5
Consolidated financial statements, consolidated management report, interim consolidated financial statements |
| Section 340iReporting requirement |
| Section 340jUndertakings to be included |
Title 6
Audit |
| Section 340k |
Title 7
Disclosure |
| Section 340l |
Title 8
Penal provisions and regulations as to administrative fines, coercive fines |
| Section 340mPenal provisions |
| Section 340nRegulations as to administrative fines |
| Section 340oImposition of a coercive fine |
Subdivision 2
Supplementary provisions for insurance undertaking and pension funds |
Title 1
Scope of application |
| Section 341 |
Title 2
Annual financial statements, management report |
| Section 341aApplicable regulations |
Title 3
Valuation rules |
| Section 341bValuation of assets |
| Section 341cRegistered bonds, mortgage loans and other receivables |
| Section 341dInvestment stock of unit-linked life insurance |
Title 4
Insurance technical provisions |
| Section 341eGeneral accounting principles |
| Section 341fLife assurance provision |
| Section 341gProvisions for claims outstanding |
| Section 341hEqualisation provisions and similar provisions |
Title 5
Consolidated financial statements, consolidated management report |
| Section 341iDrawing up, periods |
| Section 341jApplicable regulations |
Title 6
Audit |
| Section 341k |
Title 7
Disclosure |
| Section 341l |
Title 8
Penal provisions and regulations as to administrative fines, coercive fines |
| Section 341mPenal provisions |
| Section 341nRegulations as to administrative fines |
| Section 341oImposition of a coercive fine |
| Section 341pApplication to pension funds of the penal provisions and the regulations concerning administrative fines and coercive fines |
Subdivision 3
Supplementary provisions for certain undertakings of the primary industry |
Title 1
Scope of application; definitions |
| Section 341qScope of application |
| Section 341rDefinitions |
Title 2
Report on payments to governmental bodies, consolidated report on payments to governmental bodies and disclosure |
| Section 341sDuty to draw up the report on payments to governmental bodies; exemptions |
| Section 341tContent of the report on payments to governmental bodies |
| Section 341uLayout of the report on payments to governmental bodies |
| Section 341vConsolidated report on payments to governmental bodies; exemption |
| Section 341wDisclosure |
Title 3
Regulations as to administrative fines, coercive fines |
| Section 341xRegulations as to administrative fines |
| Section 341yRegulations on coercive fines |
Division 5
Financial reporting committee incorporated under private law; financial reporting advisory council |
| Section 342Financial reporting committee incorporated under private law |
| Section 342aFinancial reporting advisory council |
Book 4
Commercial transactions |
Division 1
General provisions |
| Section 343 |
| Section 344 |
| Section 345 |
| Section 346 |
| Section 347 |
| Section 348 |
| Section 349 |
| Section 350 |
| Section 351(repealed) |
| Section 352 |
| Section 353 |
| Section 354 |
| Section 354a |
| Section 355 |
| Section 356 |
| Section 357 |
| Section 358 |
| Section 359 |
| Section 360 |
| Section 361 |
| Section 362 |
| Section 363 |
| Section 364 |
| Section 365 |
| Section 366 |
| Section 367 |
| Section 368 |
| Section 369 |
| Section 370(repealed) |
| Section 371 |
| Section 372 |
Division 2
Commercial sale of goods |
| Section 373 |
| Section 374 |
| Section 375 |
| Section 376 |
| Section 377 |
| Section 378(repealed) |
| Section 379 |
| Section 380 |
| Section 381 |
| Section 382(repealed) |
Division 3
Transactions on a commission basis |
| Section 383 |
| Section 384 |
| Section 385 |
| Section 386 |
| Section 387 |
| Section 388 |
| Section 389 |
| Section 390 |
| Section 391 |
| Section 392 |
| Section 393 |
| Section 394 |
| Section 395 |
| Section 396 |
| Section 397Commission agent’s lien |
| Section 398 |
| Section 399 |
| Section 400 |
| Section 401 |
| Section 402 |
| Section 403 |
| Section 404 |
| Section 405 |
| Section 406 |
Division 4
Freight business |
Subdivision 1
General provisions |
| Section 407Contract of carriage |
| Section 408Consignment note. Authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
| Section 409Evidentiary effect of the consignment note |
| Section 410Dangerous goods |
| Section 411Packaging. Labelling |
| Section 412Loading and unloading. Authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
| Section 413Accompanying documents |
| Section 414Sender’s liability in special cases, irrespective of fault |
| Section 415Termination by the sender |
| Section 416Right to carriage of part of a consignment |
| Section 417Carrier's rights if loading time is not complied with |
| Section 418Subsequent instructions |
| Section 419Obstacles to carriage and delivery |
| Section 420Payment. Calculation of freight |
| Section 421Rights of consignee. Duty to pay |
| Section 422Cash on delivery |
| Section 423Delivery period |
| Section 424Presumption of loss |
| Section 425Liability for loss of or damage to goods and for delay in delivery. Loss sharing |
| Section 426Exclusion of liability |
| Section 427Particular grounds for exclusion of liability |
| Section 428Responsibility for other persons |
| Section 429Compensation based upon value |
| Section 430Assessment costs |
| Section 431Maximum amount of liability |
| Section 432Compensation for other costs |
| Section 433Maximum liability in cases of other pecuniary loss |
| Section 434Non-contractual claims |
| Section 435Cessation of the exemptions and limitations |
| Section 436Liability of employees |
| Section 437Actual carrier |
| Section 438Notice of damage |
| Section 439Limitation of actions |
| Section 440Carrier's lien |
| Section 441Subsequent carrier |
| Section 442Ranking order of several liens |
| Section 443Consignment bill. Authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
| Section 444Effect of the consignment bill. Entitlement |
| Section 445Delivery in exchange for the consignment bill |
| Section 446Carrying out instructions |
| Section 447Objections |
| Section 448Title function of the consignment bill |
| Section 449Contractual modifications regarding liability |
| Section 450Application of maritime law |
Subdivision 2
Carriage of household goods |
| Section 451Removal contract |
| Section 451aDuties of the carrier |
| Section 451bConsignment note. Dangerous goods. Accompanying documents. Duties to report and provide information |
| Section 451c(repealed) |
| Section 451dParticular grounds for exclusion of liability |
| Section 451eMaximum amount of liability |
| Section 451fNotice of damage |
| Section 451gCessation of exemptions and limitations |
| Section 451hContractual modifications |
Subdivision 3
Carriage using various modes of transport |
| Section 452Contract of carriage involving various modes of transport |
| Section 452aKnown place of damage |
| Section 452bNotice of damage. Limitation |
| Section 452cRemoval contract relating to carriage involving various modes of transport |
| Section 452dContractual modifications |
Division 5
Forwarding business |
| Section 453Forwarding contract |
| Section 454Arranging for the dispatch of the goods |
| Section 455Handling of the goods. Accompanying documents. Duties to report and provide information |
| Section 456Due date for payment of remuneration |
| Section 457Claims of the sender |
| Section 458Forwarder acting as carrier (Selbsteintritt) |
| Section 459Forwarding at fixed costs |
| Section 460Collective consignment (Sammelladung) |
| Section 461Liability of the forwarder |
| Section 462Responsibility for other persons |
| Section 463Limitation of actions |
| Section 464Forwarder's lien |
| Section 465Subsequent forwarder |
| Section 466Contractual modifications regarding liability |
Division 6
Warehousing business |
| Section 467Warehousing contract |
| Section 468Handling of the goods. Accompanying documents. Duties to report and provide information |
| Section 469Collective storage |
| Section 470Receipt of the goods |
| Section 471Preservation of the goods |
| Section 472Insurance. Storage with a third party |
| Section 473Duration of storage |
| Section 474Reimbursement of expenditures |
| Section 475Liability for loss or damage |
| Section 475aLimitation of actions |
| Section 475bWarehouse keeper's lien |
| Section 475cWarehouse warrant. Authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
| Section 475dEffect of the warehouse warrant. Entitlement |
| Section 475eDelivery in exchange for the warehouse warrant |
| Section 475fObjections |
| Section 475gTitle function of the warehouse warrant |
| Section 475hContractual modifications |
Book 5
Maritime trade |
Chapter 1
Persons involved in shipping |
| Section 476Reeder |
| Section 477Ausrüster |
| Section 478Ship’s company |
| Section 479Rights of the master; ship’s log |
| Section 480Responsibility of the Reeder for the ship’s company and pilots |
Chapter 2
Transport contracts |
Subchapter 1
Contracts for the carriage of goods by sea |
Title 1
Contract for the carriage of general cargo |
Subtitle 1
General regulations |
| Section 481Primary duties; scope of application |
| Section 482General information regarding the goods |
| Section 483Dangerous goods |
| Section 484Packing; leading marks |
| Section 485Seaworthiness and cargoworthiness |
| Section 486Handover of the goods for carriage; loading; reloading; discharge |
| Section 487Accompanying documents |
| Section 488Liability of the shipper and of third parties |
| Section 489Termination by the shipper |
| Section 490Carrier’s rights if the goods are not handed over for carriage in due time |
| Section 491Subsequent instructions |
| Section 492Obstacles to carriage and delivery |
| Section 493Payment; calculation of freight |
| Section 494Rights of consignee; duty to pay |
| Section 495Carrier’s lien |
| Section 496Subsequent carrier |
| Section 497Ranking order of several liens |
Subtitle 2
Liability for loss of or physical damage to the goods |
| Section 498Grounds for liability |
| Section 499Particular grounds for exclusion of liability |
| Section 500Inadmissible loading and stowing of goods on deck |
| Section 501Responsibility for other persons |
| Section 502Compensation based upon value |
| Section 503Assessment costs |
| Section 504Limit of liability in the event the goods are damaged |
| Section 505Unit of account |
| Section 506Non-contractual claims |
| Section 507Conduct barring exemptions from liability and limitations of liability |
| Section 508Liability of servants and of the ship’s company |
| Section 509Actual carrier |
| Section 510Notice of damage |
| Section 511Presumption of loss |
| Section 512Divergent arrangements |
Subtitle 3
Accompanying documents |
| Section 513Entitlement to issuance of a bill of lading |
| Section 514“On-board” bill of lading; “received-for-shipment” bill of lading |
| Section 515Contents of the bill of lading |
| Section 516Bill of lading format; authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
| Section 517Evidentiary effect of the bill of lading |
| Section 518Position of Reeder when carrier data are inadequate |
| Section 519Entitlement under the bill of lading; legitimation |
| Section 520Carrying out instructions |
| Section 521Delivery in exchange for the bill of lading |
| Section 522Objections |
| Section 523Liability for inaccurate information in the bill of lading |
| Section 524Transfer effected by the bill of lading (“effect of tradition”) |
| Section 525Divergent provision made in the bill of lading |
| Section 526Sea waybill; authorisation to issue statutory instruments |
Title 2
Voyage charter contract |
| Section 527Voyage charter contract |
| Section 528Port of loading; loading wharf |
| Section 529Notice of readiness for loading |
| Section 530Loading time; laytime on demurrage |
| Section 531Loading and stowing goods |
| Section 532Termination by the shipper |
| Section 533Partial carriage |
| Section 534Termination by the carrier |
| Section 535Discharge from the ship |
Subchapter 2
Contracts for the carriage of passengers and their luggage |
| Section 536Scope of application |
| Section 537Definitions |
| Section 538Liability of the carrier for personal injuries |
| Section 539Liability of the carrier for physical damage to luggage and damages resulting from delays in the re-delivery of luggage |
| Section 540Responsibility for other persons |
| Section 541Limit of liability for personal injury |
| Section 542Limit of liability for physical damage to luggage and damages due to delays in the re-delivery of luggage |
| Section 543Interest and costs of court proceedings |
| Section 544Unit of account |
| Section 545Conduct barring limitation of liability |
| Section 546Actual carrier |
| Section 547Liability of the carrier’s servants and of the ship’s company |
| Section 548Concurrent claims |
| Section 549Notice of damage |
| Section 550Lapse of claims to compensation of damages |
| Section 551Divergent agreements |
| Section 552Carrier’s lien |
Chapter 3
Charter contracts for ships |
Subchapter 1
Chartering a ship |
| Section 553Bareboat charter contract |
| Section 554Turning over and returning the ship; maintenance |
| Section 555Safeguarding the owner’s rights |
| Section 556Termination |
Subchapter 2
Time charter |
| Section 557Time charter contract |
| Section 558Time charter party |
| Section 559Provision of the ship |
| Section 560Maintenance of the ship in contractually agreed condition |
| Section 561Use of the ship |
| Section 562Notification obligations |
| Section 563Loading and discharge of goods |
| Section 564Costs of operating the ship |
| Section 565Hire |
| Section 566Owner’s lien |
| Section 567Breach of duties |
| Section 568Right of retention |
| Section 569Return of the ship |
Chapter 4
Ship’s emergencies |
Subchapter 1
Collision of ship |
| Section 570Obligation to compensate for damages |
| Section 571Contributory fault |
| Section 572Damage without collision |
| Section 573Involvement of an inland waterway vessel |
Subchapter 2
Salvage |
| Section 574Duties of the salvor and of other persons |
| Section 575Prevention or minimisation of damages to the environment |
| Section 576Right to a reward |
| Section 577Amount of the salvage reward |
| Section 578Special compensation |
| Section 579Exclusion of a claim to remuneration |
| Section 580Salvor’s misconduct |
| Section 581Claim to apportionment |
| Section 582Plurality of salvors |
| Section 583Saving human life |
| Section 584Conclusion of a salvage contract and retroactive review of its content by a court |
| Section 585Lien, right of retention |
| Section 586Ranking order of several liens |
| Section 587Provision of security |
Subchapter 3
General average |
| Section 588Preservation from common peril |
| Section 589Fault or neglect of a party to the adventure or of a third party |
| Section 590Assessment of the average |
| Section 591Contribution in general average |
| Section 592General average disbursements |
| Section 593Rights of maritime lienors |
| Section 594Lien of the parties entitled to a general average disbursement; prohibition of delivery |
| Section 595Settlement of the average |
Chapter 5
Maritime lienor |
| Section 596Secured claims |
| Section 597Lien held by maritime lienors |
| Section 598Object of the lien held by the maritime lienors |
| Section 599Lapse of the claim |
| Section 600Lapse by passage of time |
| Section 601Satisfaction of the maritime lienor |
| Section 602Precedence of the liens held by maritime lienors |
| Section 603General ranking of liens held by maritime lienors |
| Section 604Ranking order of liens listed under the same number |
Chapter 6
Statutory limitation period |
| Section 605One-year statutory limitation period |
| Section 606Two-year statutory limitation period |
| Section 607Commencement of statutory limitation periods |
| Section 608Extension of the limitation period |
| Section 609Arrangements as to the limitation period |
| Section 610Concurrent claims |
Chapter 7
General limitation of liability |
| Section 611Convention as to the limitation of liability |
| Section 612Limitation of liability for claims arising from the removal of a wreck |
| Section 613Limitation of liability for small ships |
| Section 614Limitation of liability for damages to harbours and waterways |
| Section 615Limitation of the pilot’s liability |
| Section 616Conduct barring limitation of liability |
| Section 617Procedure for limiting liability |
Chapter 8
Procedural Rules |
| Section 618Injunction by a salvor |
| Section 619Service of documents to the master or skipper of a ship |
Chapter 9
(repealed) |
Chapter 11
(repealed) |
Annex
(repealed) |
